{"id":4386,"date":"2022-08-02T15:48:55","date_gmt":"2022-08-02T15:48:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/seabirds\/?page_id=4386"},"modified":"2022-10-13T15:19:12","modified_gmt":"2022-10-13T15:19:12","slug":"raja-montagui","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/raja-montagui\/","title":{"rendered":"Raja montagui"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-1 wp-block-group alignfull has-tertiary-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid alignfull column1-desktop-grid__span-8 column1-desktop-grid__start-3 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-8 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-background-color has-primary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-huge-font-size\"><em><em><em><em><em><em><em>Raja montagui<\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Common name:<\/strong> Spotted Skate  <br><strong>Order:<\/strong> Rajiformes <br><strong>Family:<\/strong> Rajidae  <br><strong>Synonyms: <\/strong>None   <br><strong>Misidentifications:<\/strong><em> <a href=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/Raja-polystigma\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Raja polystigma<\/a><\/em>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/Raja-brachyura\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Raja brachyura<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\"><div id=\"metaslider-id-4390\" style=\"width: 100%;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-27-6 metaslider metaslider-flex metaslider-4390 ml-slider\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_4390\">\n        <div id=\"metaslider_4390\">\n            <ul aria-live=\"polite\" class=\"slides\">\n                <li style=\"display: block; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-4392 ms-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rmontagui_rossbulimore-700x500.jpg\" height=\"500\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-4390 slide-4392\" title=\"rmontagui_rossbulimore\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">photo credit: Ross Bulimore<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-4395 ms-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rmontagui_XaviSalvadorCosta-676x483.jpg\" height=\"500\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-4390 slide-4395\" title=\"rmontagui_XaviSalvadorCosta\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">photo credit: Xavi Salvador Costa<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-4396 ms-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rmontagui_francescoturano-e1659455287696-414x296.jpg\" height=\"500\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-4390 slide-4396\" title=\"rmontagui_francescoturano\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">photo credit: Francesco Turano<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:41px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid alignfull column1-desktop-grid__span-4 column1-desktop-grid__start-3 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column2-desktop-grid__span-4 column2-desktop-grid__start-7 column2-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-4 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column2-tablet-grid__span-4 column2-tablet-grid__start-5 column2-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1 column2-mobile-grid__span-4 column2-mobile-grid__row-2\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Short description<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Medium sized skate. Angular disc with a circular body with pectoral fins wider than long and an edge forming a sinuous curve. Short rostrum and rounded wing-tips. Pectoral fins with clear angles on the lateral side. Triangular pelvic fins. Dorsal surface prickly in large specimens, almost smooth in young (except for bare centres of pectoral fins and hind part of disc). Separate orbital thorns. Regular row of 20-50 thorns from nape to first dorsal fin, one or two between dorsal fins and two at end of tail.<br><br><strong>Color: &nbsp;<\/strong>Brown dorsal surface with an irregular pattern of black dots and light spots which do not reach the margin of the disc. Underside white.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Measurements:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Total length<\/strong>\u00a0(TL): ~60 cm (max 80 cm) <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Swimming pattern: <\/strong>Undulatory and pelvic fin locomotion (walking and punting).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video controls src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/seabirds\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/rmontagui_mattdoggett.mp4\"><\/video><figcaption>video credit: Matt Doggett<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Egg case<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p><strong>Size:<\/strong> 53-78 mm length. 30-50 mm width.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Distinctive features:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Length up to 75 mm<\/li><li>Width up to 40 mm<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Raja:<\/span> Long posterior horns. Anterior horns length less than twice the posterior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Rajiformes \/&nbsp;Rajidae:<\/span>&nbsp;RRectangular egg-case, width no greater than twice the capsule length.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_montagui_Egg.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"141\" height=\"399\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Biology \/ Ecology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-caf50a6c-6585-4a9d-972f-8036f1810e92\">Adults feed on crustaceans and fishes. Juveniles feed on small crustaceans.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-caf50a6c-6585-4a9d-972f-8036f1810e92\"><strong>Reproduction: <\/strong>Oviparous. Size at birth (TL): 8-12 cm. Eggs per year: 24-60. Embryos develop in 5 to 6 months. Size at maturity<strong> <\/strong>(TL): ~40 cm males, ~60 cm females.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-caf50a6c-6585-4a9d-972f-8036f1810e92\"><strong>Habitat: <\/strong>Demersal on sandy and muddy bottoms. Adults also common further offshore on sand and coarse sand-gravel substrates. Depth: up to 650 m (more common around 100 m). Possibly occurs down to 800 m deep.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid column1-desktop-grid__span-11 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-8 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-foreground-color has-tertiary-background-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Mainly misidentified with <em>R. polystigma.<\/em> Observations now often recorded as <em>R. <\/em>cf. <em>polystigma<\/em>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Distinguishing characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Black spots do not reach the border of the pectoral fin, contrary to <em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/raja-brachyura\/\" target=\"_blank\">R. brachyura<\/a><\/em>.<\/li><li><span style=\"background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background); color: var(--wp--preset--color--foreground); font-family: var(--font-base, &quot;PT Sans&quot;, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Roboto&quot;, &quot;Oxygen&quot;, &quot;Ubuntu&quot;, &quot;Cantarell&quot;, &quot;Fira Sans&quot;, &quot;Droid Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif);\">Frequently large dark spots on each middle pectoral fin.<\/span><\/li><li>Regular row of 20\u201350 thorns from nape to first dorsal fin, one\u2013two thorns between dorsal fin.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rajiformes \/ Rajidae:<\/strong> Depressed body. Circular to rhombic disc. Tail well demarcated from disc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Distribution<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-7c753903-038c-44d5-aff6-969ae6648293\"><strong>Worldwide<\/strong>: Atlantic from south of North Sea to Morocco; Mediterranean Sea. Absent from Black Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-9d84759b-671d-4c76-b4e6-4c202ee3961d\"><strong>Mediterranean<\/strong>: <strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Occurrence: <\/strong>More common in the Western and Western Central Mediterranean Sea. Rare in the eastern Levantine basin.<\/li><li><strong>Latest records:<\/strong> Portugal (1986-2017), Atlantic &#8211; Morocco (2016, with juveniles), Argosaronikos, northern and southern Aegean Sea (2012-2015), Balearic Sea (2012-2015), Corsica-France (2012-2015), Cretan Sea &#8211; Greece (2012-2015), Cyprus (2012-2015), Ligurian, northern and central Tyrrhenian Sea &#8211; Italy (2012-2015), Northern Alboran Sea (2012-2015), Strait of Sicily &#8211; Italy (2012-2015), Gulf of Lion &#8211; France (2013), Catalan Sea (2013), Izmir and Sigacik bay -Turkey (2007-2009), Greece (2008), Adriatic Sea (2005), Malta (2003), Calabria &#8211; Italy (2000).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"1024\" height=\"508\" src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_montagui_5-1024x508.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_montagui_5-1024x508.png 1024w, https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_montagui_5-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_montagui_5-768x381.png 768w, https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_montagui_5-1536x762.png 1536w, https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_montagui_5-1568x778.png 1568w, https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_montagui_5.png 1794w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid column1-desktop-grid__span-10 column1-desktop-grid__start-2 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-8 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-foreground-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background\">Any recent observation not on the map?<br><a href=\"mailto: lmendez@ciesm.org\">Contact us<\/a>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Conservation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ca6ef4b1-4ee6-45e6-85da-9ca8e126a46f\"><strong>Threats<\/strong>: Taken as bycatch in trawl fisheries.<br><br><strong>Protection level<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Mediterranean: <\/strong>Least Concern (IUCN 2016, last assessment: 2016)<\/li><li><strong>Europe:<\/strong> Least Concern (IUCN 2015, last assessment: 2015)<\/li><li><strong>Global: <\/strong>Least Concern (IUCN 2007, last assessment: 2007)<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-7c753903-038c-44d5-aff6-969ae6648293\"><br><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:43px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-2 wp-block-group alignfull has-tertiary-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid alignfull column1-desktop-grid__span-10 column1-desktop-grid__start-2 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-8 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p><strong>Key references<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"font-size:14px\"><li>Baino R., Serena F., Ragonese S., Rey J., Rinelli P. 2001. Catch composition and abundance of Elasmobranchs based on the MEDITS program. <em>Rapports de la Commission Internationale pour L\u2019Exploration Scientifique de la Mer M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e<\/em> 36: 234.<\/li><li>Cannas R., Pasolini P., Mancusi C., Follesa M.C., Cabiddu S., Hemida F., Serena F., Tinti F. 2008. Distribution, molecular systematics and phylogeography of <em>Raja polystigma<\/em> and <em>Raja montagui<\/em> in the Mediterranean. <em>Biologia Marina Mediterr\u00e1nea<\/em> 15(1): 188-191.<\/li><li>Carpentieri P., Nastasi A., Sessa M., Srour A. 2021. Incidental catch of vulnerable species in Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries \u2013 A review. General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean.&nbsp;<em>Studies and Reviews<\/em>&nbsp;101: I-317.<\/li><li>Ellis J.R., Dulvy N.K., Jennings S., Parker-Humphreys M., Rogers S.I. 2005. Assessing the status of demersal elasmobranchs in UK waters: a review. <em>Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom<\/em> 85: 1025-1047.<\/li><li>Follesa M. C., Marongiu M. F., Zupa W., Bellodi A., Cau A., Cannas R., Colloca F., Djurovic M., Isajlovic I., Jadaud A., Manfredi C., Mulas A., Peristeraki P., Porcu C., Ramirez-Amaro S., Salmer\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez F., Serena F., Sion L., Thasitis I., Cau A., Carbonara P. 2019. Spatial variability of Chondrichthyes in the northern Mediterranean.&nbsp;<em>Scientia Marina&nbsp;<\/em>83(S1) : 81-100.<\/li><li>Giovos I., Serena F., Katsada D., Anastasiadis A., Barash A., Charilaou C., Hall-Spencer J.M.,Crocetta F.,Kaminas A., Kletou D, Maximiadi M., Minasidis V., Moutopoulos D.K., Aga-Spyridopoulou R.N., Thasitis I., Kleitou P. 2021. Integrating literature, biodiversity databases, and citizen-science to reconstruct the checklist of Chondrichthyans in Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean Sea).&nbsp;<em>Fishes<\/em>&nbsp;6(3): 24.<\/li><li>Mancusi C., Massi D., Baino R., Cariani A., Crobe V., Ebert D.A., Ferrari, C, Gordon A., Hoff G.R., Iglesias S.P., Titone A., Serena F. 2021. An identification key for Chondrichthyes egg cases of the Mediterranean and Black Sea. <em>The European Zoological Journal<\/em> 88(1) : 436-448.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Raja montagui Common name: Spotted Skate Order: Rajiformes Family: Rajidae Synonyms: None Misidentifications: Raja polystigma, Raja brachyura Short description Medium sized skate. Angular disc with a circular body with pectoral fins wider than long and an edge forming a sinuous curve. Short rostrum and rounded wing-tips. Pectoral fins with clear angles on the lateral side.<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/raja-montagui\/\">Lire la suite <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u00ab\u00a0Raja montagui\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4386"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4386"}],"version-history":[{"count":42,"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4386\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6698,"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4386\/revisions\/6698"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4386"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}