{"id":4432,"date":"2022-08-04T09:00:28","date_gmt":"2022-08-04T09:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/seabirds\/?page_id=4432"},"modified":"2023-12-07T16:08:53","modified_gmt":"2023-12-07T16:08:53","slug":"raja-brachyura","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/raja-brachyura\/","title":{"rendered":"Raja brachyura"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div style=\"height:31px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-1 wp-block-group alignfull has-tertiary-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid alignfull column1-desktop-grid__span-8 column1-desktop-grid__start-3 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-8 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none is-vertically-aligned-center\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-top\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-background-color has-primary-background-color has-text-color has-background has-huge-font-size\"><em><em><em><em><em><em><em>Raja brachyura<\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Common name :<\/strong> Blonde Skate <br><strong>Order:<\/strong> Rajiformes  <br><strong>Family:<\/strong> Rajidae&nbsp;  <br><strong>Synonyms: <\/strong>None  <br><strong>Misidentifications: <\/strong><em><a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/Raja-polystigma\/\" target=\"_blank\">Raja polystigma<\/a><\/em>, <em><a href=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/Raja-montagui\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Raja montagui<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center\"><div id=\"metaslider-id-4436\" style=\"width: 100%;\" class=\"ml-slider-3-27-6 metaslider metaslider-flex metaslider-4436 ml-slider\">\n    <div id=\"metaslider_container_4436\">\n        <div id=\"metaslider_4436\">\n            <ul aria-live=\"polite\" class=\"slides\">\n                <li style=\"display: block; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-4440 ms-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rbrachyura_deninsrabeling-e1659603828213-700x500.jpeg\" height=\"500\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-4436 slide-4440\" title=\"rbrachyura_deninsrabeling\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">photo credit: Dennis Rabeling<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-4441 ms-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rbrachyura_XaviSalvadorCosta-676x483.jpg\" height=\"500\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-4436 slide-4441\" title=\"rbrachyura_XaviSalvadorCosta\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">photo credit: Xavi Salvador Costa<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n                <li style=\"display: none; width: 100%;\" class=\"slide-4445 ms-image\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/rbrachyura_denisader-700x500.jpg\" height=\"500\" width=\"700\" alt=\"\" class=\"slider-4436 slide-4445\" title=\"rbrachyura_denisader\" \/><div class=\"caption-wrap\"><div class=\"caption\">photo credit: Denis Ader<\/div><\/div><\/li>\n            <\/ul>\n        <\/div>\n        \n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:41px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid alignfull column1-desktop-grid__span-4 column1-desktop-grid__start-3 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column2-desktop-grid__span-4 column2-desktop-grid__start-7 column2-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-4 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column2-tablet-grid__span-4 column2-tablet-grid__start-5 column2-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1 column2-mobile-grid__span-4 column2-mobile-grid__row-2\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Short description<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Medium-sized skate. Rhomboid disc slightly wider than long with sinuous anterior margins. Short rostrum, rounded at its extremity. Pectoral fins with clear angles on the lateral side. Upper surface entirely prickly (except in juveniles). Underside only prickly along front margins of disc. Separate orbital thorns. Regular median row of 40-45 thorns in&nbsp; juveniles and adult females, interrupted on back in males. Short and thick tail.<br><br><strong>Color: &nbsp;<\/strong>Ochre dorsal surface, with numerous small dark spots to margins of disc. Sometimes light spots surrounded by black circles. White ventral surface.<br><br><strong>Measurements:<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong style=\"background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background); color: var(--wp--preset--color--foreground); font-family: var(--font-base, &quot;PT Sans&quot;, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Roboto&quot;, &quot;Oxygen&quot;, &quot;Ubuntu&quot;, &quot;Cantarell&quot;, &quot;Fira Sans&quot;, &quot;Droid Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif);\">Disk width<\/strong><span style=\"background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--background); color: var(--wp--preset--color--foreground); font-family: var(--font-base, &quot;PT Sans&quot;, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &quot;Segoe UI&quot;, &quot;Roboto&quot;, &quot;Oxygen&quot;, &quot;Ubuntu&quot;, &quot;Cantarell&quot;, &quot;Fira Sans&quot;, &quot;Droid Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, sans-serif);\"> (DW): 40-80 cm (up to 125 cm)<\/span><\/li><li><strong>Total length<\/strong> (TL): up to 120 cm<\/li><li><strong>Weight<\/strong>: up to 14 kilos<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Swimming pattern: <\/strong>Undulatory and pelvic fin locomotion (walking and punting).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video controls src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/seabirds\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/rbrachyura_DanielSeguraDiaz-cut.mp4\"><\/video><figcaption>video credit: Daniel Segura Diaz<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Egg case<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>Rectangular shape with pointed horns at the corners. Deposited in a sandy bottom. Pronounced and rounded posterior apron, slightly longer and sturdy posterior apron. Short and sturdy posterior horns, thin and long anterior horns. Adhesive fibres attached to a pronounced lateral keel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Fresh color:<\/strong> from reddish brown to greenish in the edges and the keels.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Size:<\/strong> 10-14.3cm length, 10-14.3cm wide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Distinctive features:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Developed aprons.<\/li><li>Particularly long and thin anterior horns.<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_brachyura_Egg.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"138\" height=\"402\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:0px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Raja:<\/span> Long posterior horns. Anterior horns length less than twice the posterior.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Rajiformes \/&nbsp;Rajidae:<\/span>&nbsp;Rectangular egg-case, width inferior or equal to two times the capsuleRectangular egg-case, width no greater than twice the capsule length.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Biology \/ Ecology<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-caf50a6c-6585-4a9d-972f-8036f1810e92\">Feeds on all kinds of benthic animals. Large specimens more piscivorous while juveniles feed on small crustaceans (amphipods, natantids).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-caf50a6c-6585-4a9d-972f-8036f1810e92\"><strong>Reproduction: <\/strong>Oviparous. Size at maturity (TL): 80-90 cm. Eggs per year: 30-70. Embryos development: ~ 7 months. Size at birth (TL): 16-18 cm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-caf50a6c-6585-4a9d-972f-8036f1810e92\"><strong>Habitat: <\/strong>Benthic in inshore waters. Occurs on soft substrates, mainly on sand and sand-rock bottoms. Depth: 10-900, but mainly from 10-300 m.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Distinguishing characteristics<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Short and robust tail.<\/li><li>Black dots reach the margins of the disc, contrary to <em><a href=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/raja-montagui\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">R. montagui<\/a><\/em>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Rajiformes \/ Rajidae:<\/strong> Depressed body. Circular to rhombic disc. Tail well demarcated from disc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Distribution<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-7c753903-038c-44d5-aff6-969ae6648293\"><strong>Worldwide<\/strong>: From the Northeastern Atlantic to Northwestern Africa, including the Western Mediterranean Sea. Absent from Black Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-9d84759b-671d-4c76-b4e6-4c202ee3961d\"><strong>Mediterranean<\/strong>: <strong>&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Occurrence: <\/strong>Occasional.<\/li><li><strong>Latest<\/strong> <strong>records:<\/strong> Cyprus (2018-2022), Sardinia (2017), Portugal (1986-2017), Atlantic &#8211; Morocco (2016), Aegean Sea (2012-2015), Balearic Sea (2012-2015), Sicily (2012-2015), Calabria -Italy (2011, with eggs), Algeria (2003-2004).<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img src=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/Raja_brachyura_4.png\" alt=\"\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid column1-desktop-grid__span-10 column1-desktop-grid__start-2 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-8 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-foreground-color has-secondary-background-color has-text-color has-background\">Any recent observation not on the map?<br><a href=\"mailto: lmendez@ciesm.org\">Contact us<\/a>!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:10px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-primary-background-color has-background has-large-font-size\"><strong>Conservation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-ca6ef4b1-4ee6-45e6-85da-9ca8e126a46f\"><strong>Threats<\/strong>: Bycatch of semi industrial (Spain) and artisanal (Morocco and Greece) fisheries with bottom trawls, gill nets and long lines.<br><br><strong>Protection level<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Mediterranean:<\/strong> Near Threatened (IUCN 2016, last assessment: 2016)<\/li><li><strong>Global:<\/strong> Near Threatened (IUCN 2009, last assessment: 2008)<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:43px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-container-2 wp-block-group alignfull has-tertiary-background-color has-background\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid alignfull column1-desktop-grid__span-10 column1-desktop-grid__start-2 column1-desktop-grid__row-1 column1-tablet-grid__span-8 column1-tablet-grid__row-1 column1-mobile-grid__span-4 column1-mobile-grid__row-1\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid-column wp-block-jetpack-layout-grid__padding-none\">\n<p><strong>Key references<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul style=\"font-size:14px\"><li>Carpentieri P., Nastasi A., Sessa M., Srour A. 2021. Incidental catch of vulnerable species in Mediterranean and Black Sea fisheries \u2013 A review. <em>General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean &#8211; Studies and Reviews<\/em>\u00a0101: I-317.<\/li><li>Follesa M. C., Marongiu M. F., Zupa W., Bellodi A., Cau A., Cannas R., Colloca F., Djurovic M., Isajlovic I., Jadaud A., Manfredi C., Mulas A., Peristeraki P., Porcu C., Ramirez-Amaro S., Salmer\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez F., Serena F., Sion L., Thasitis I., Cau A., Carbonara P. 2019. Spatial variability of Chondrichthyes in the northern Mediterranean.\u00a0<em>Scientia Marina\u00a0<\/em>83(S1): 81-100.<\/li><li>Giovos I., Serena F., Katsada D., Anastasiadis A., Barash A., Charilaou C., Hall-Spencer J.M.,Crocetta F.,Kaminas A., Kletou D, Maximiadi M., Minasidis V., Moutopoulos D.K., Aga-Spyridopoulou R.N., Thasitis I., Kleitou P. 2021. Integrating literature, biodiversity databases, and citizen-science to reconstruct the checklist of Chondrichthyans in Cyprus (Eastern Mediterranean Sea).\u00a0<em>Fishes<\/em>\u00a06(3): 24.<\/li><li>Marongiu M.F., Porcu C., Bellodi A., Cannas R., Cau A., Cuccu D., Mulas A., Follesa M.C. 2017. Temporal dynamics of demersal chondrichthyan species in the central western Mediterranean Sea: The case study in Sardinia Island. <em>Fisheries Research<\/em> 193: 81-94.<\/li><li>O\u2019Keefe M., Bengil EG., Palmer JL, Beton D, \u00c7a\u011flar \u00c7., Godley B.J, \u00d6zkan M., Snape R.T.E., Broderick A.C. 2023. Diversity and distribution of elasmobranchs in the coastal waters of Cyprus: using bycatch data to inform management and conservation.\u00a0<em>Front. Mar. Sci.<\/em> 10: 1181437.<\/li><li>Porcu C., Bellodi A., Cannas R., Marongiu M.F., Mulas A., Follesa M.C. 2015. Life-history traits of a commercial ray, <em>Raja brachyura<\/em> from the central western Mediterranean Sea. <em>Mediterranean Marine Science<\/em>: 90-102.<\/li><li>Porcu C., Marongiu M.F., Bellodi A., Cannas R., Cau A., Melis R., Mulas A., Soldovilla G., Vacca L., Follesa M.C. 2017. Morphological descriptions of the eggcases of skates (Rajidae) from the central-western Mediterranean, with notes on their distribution. <em>Helgoland Marine Research<\/em> 71(1): 1-14<\/li><\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Raja brachyura Common name : Blonde Skate Order: Rajiformes Family: Rajidae&nbsp; Synonyms: None Misidentifications: Raja polystigma, Raja montagui Short description Medium-sized skate. Rhomboid disc slightly wider than long with sinuous anterior margins. Short rostrum, rounded at its extremity. Pectoral fins with clear angles on the lateral side. Upper surface entirely prickly (except in juveniles). Underside<a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/raja-brachyura\/\">Lire la suite <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u00ab\u00a0Raja brachyura\u00a0\u00bb<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4432"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4432"}],"version-history":[{"count":43,"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4432\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6743,"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4432\/revisions\/6743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ciesm.org\/marine\/programs\/skatesandrays\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4432"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}